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The principle and characteristics of die casting process
time2017/12/12
- The principle and characteristics of die casting processing
The principle and characteristics of die casting processing
The principle of die casting is to use high pressure to press the metal liquid into a precision metal mould cavity, and the metal liquid is cooled and solidified under pressure to form castings. Cold and hot chamber die casting are the two basic methods of die casting processing. During cold chamber die casting processing, the metal liquid is poured into the pressure chamber by hand or automatic pouring device, then the injection plungerputs the metal hydraulic into the cavity. During the hot chamber die casting processing, the pressure chamber is perpendicular to the crucible, and the metal liquid flows into the pressure chamber through the feeding port of the pressure chamber. The injection plunger downs to push the metal liquid through the gooseneck into the cavity. After the metal liquid solidification, open doe casting mould, and remove casting part, and a die casting cycle is completed.
1. Characteristics of die casting processing
1.1 Advantages.
(1) Die casting processing can make metal parts with complex shape, clear contour and thin wall deep cavity. It is with high precision of die castingdimension, the surface roughness can reach to ra0.8-3.2 um, the interchangeability is good.
(2) Die casting processing is high utilization of materials. Because of the high precision of die casting parts, only a small amount of machining can be used for assembly, and some die casting parts can be used directly.
High production efficiency. Due to high speed filling, short filling time and metal rapid solidification, the circulation speed of casting operation is fast.
Easy to use inserts.
1.2 Shortcoming.
(1) Because of high speed filling and rapid cooling, the gas in the cavity is too late to be discharged, resulting in the presence of air holes and oxidation inclusions in the die-casting parts, thus reducing the quality of the diecasting parts. And no heat treatment can be carried out.
(2) Diecasting machines and diecasting models are expensive and unsuitable for small mass production.
(3) Die casting parts’dimensions of die casting are limited. The types of die casting alloys are limited. It is mainly used for zinc alloy die casting, aluminum alloy die casting, magnesium alloy die casting and copper alloy die casting.
2. Application scope of die casting processing
The diecasting processing with high efficiency, can be casted high quality with complicative shapes, high precision, clear contour, good surface treatment, high strength and hardness, so it is widely used and develops rapidly. For now, the output of aluminum alloy die casting is maxinum, the second is zinc alloy die casting.